Kioko, Angelina NdukuRugemalira, Josephat2024-03-152024-03-152022-03-29https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6393768https://africarxiv.ubuntunet.net/handle/1/524https://doi.org/10.60763/africarxiv/482https://doi.org/10.60763/africarxiv/482https://doi.org/10.60763/africarxiv/482This paper examines the language policies and practices in Kenya and Tanzania and argues that, in spite of the observable differences between these neighbouring countries, the ethnic community languages face an uncertain future. Although language policies play a role in determining this future, there are stronger forces that defy language policy, viz. population movements, urbanization, technological changes affecting mass communication, and the structure of the economies.Language policiesSOCIAL SCIENCES::Other social sciences::Mass communicationIndigenous languages