African coastal landscapes : Evolution of the environment in a context of an open or renewed use of littoral areas (Djibouti, Senegal, Tunisia)

Abstract

In a context of socioeconomic development, African coast faces an increasing frequentation. The intensity of the phenomenon changes according to degrees of modernization illustrated by Djibouti, Senegal and Tunisia but it must be taken into account in the functioning of coastal environment. As they are situated near capital cities, the Tunisian Cap Bon, the Senegalese Petite Côte and the Tadjoura Gulf are particularly concerned with these changes. The study of landscapes is used to define short term environmental modifications. The suggested analysis is first based on data collected from transects and then on the treatment in synthetic grids of social or physic indicators. The aim is to end to a first splitting up of the functioning of coastal landscapes and to draw up some environmental prospects depending on dynamics or observed possible imbalances. According to the management of the coastal nature and to the supervision of the frequentation, elements concerning the durability of landscapes and as a consequence of the new practices, can be put forward.